As a PR professional who regularly creates content for clients and for personal use, I follow the National Press Photographers Association (NPPA) Code of Ethics offers nine ethical standards to member journalists. I also require my team to follow the NPPA Code of Ethics and teach them in the classroom. The basic premises of the NPPA's nine standards are (NPPA, November 2017): 1. Accurately represent subjects 2. Do not be manipulated by staged photos 3. Avoid bias and stereotyping in work; provide complete information and context 4. Show consideration for subjects 5. Avoid influencing the actions of the photographic subject 6. Editing should not give the wrong impression of the subjects in the photograph 7. Do not compensate persons involved in photographs or in getting a photograph 8. Do not accept gifts or other favors from those involved in a photo 9. Do not purposely interfere with the work of other journalists The last two (8&9) are not common in terms of issues fo
What are the expectations of journalists? Above all, the public expresses a desire for accuracy, i.e., for the media to verify and accurately report the facts. Accuracy is ranked as extremely or very important by 87 percent of respondents, far more than any other issue (Project, June 2018). The public has also come to expect that stories are reported in real-time. This puts journalists in a precarious situation as accuracy and speed of reporting does not align. It’s hard to fact-check content in real-time. Reporting the truth is challenging because things are moving so quickly, often content is shared on the social media platforms such as Facebook that the journalist is unsure about in terms of being factual or telling the complete story. The example I used was the Kobe Bryant helicopter crash (Wacc, February 2019). While TMZ reported the story first, many of the facts were inaccurate. This also posed an ethical challenge in terms of informing family members of death prior to public